Money Movement

Nearly half of Americans own an individual retirement account (IRA), though the odds are that those accounts were funded by money from an employer-sponsored retirement account. In a new report, the Investment Company Institute (ICI) says that the most recent available data show that households transferred more than $200 billion from employer-sponsored retirement plans to IRAs in 2004. In fact, the ICI notes that, in 2008, nearly 20 million U.S. households—52% of all U.S. households owning traditional IRAs—had traditional IRAs that included rollover assets.

In “The Role of IRAs in U.S. Households” Saving for Retirement, 2008,’ the ICI notes that, with their most recent rollovers, the vast majority of these households (85%) transferred their entire retirement plan balances into traditional IRAs.

When money was withdrawn from those traditional IRAs, it was typically taken to fulfill the imposition of required minimum distributions, or RMDs. Those traditional IRA-owning households that took a withdrawal in tax-year 2007 usually consulted an outside source to determine the amount of the withdrawal, with nearly six in 10 consulting a professional financial adviser to determine the amount to withdraw in tax-year 2007, while a third consulted IRS rules or publications.

Rollover Trends

Among households with rollovers in their traditional IRAs, nearly half (43%) only had rollover IRAs (having never made traditional IRA contributions), and, not surprisingly, households with rollover assets in their IRAs tended to have higher IRA balances, compared with IRAs funded purely by individual contributions, according to the report. Median traditional IRA holdings that include rollovers were $75,000 in 2008, compared with median traditional IRA holdings of $40,000 for balances that did not include rollovers.

The ICI report notes that most U.S. households do not contribute to IRAs. In fact, in tax-year 2007, only 14% of all U.S. households made contributions to an IRA, and only about one in four of those contributing to employer-sponsored IRAs in tax-year 2007, with 17% only contributing to employer-sponsored IRAs.

Few households withdraw money from their IRAs in any given year, and most of those are retirement related, according to the report. A little more than one in five (22%) households still owning traditional IRAs in 2008 reported taking withdrawals from these IRAs in tax-year 2007 and, among those, 82% reported someone in the household was retired from his lifetime occupation. Nevertheless, among retired households owning traditional IRAs in 2008, nearly three out of five did not take a withdrawal in tax-year 2007, according to the report.

Moreover, those traditional IRA-owning households that made withdrawals generally took modest amounts, according to the ICI; 29% took less than $2,500 from their IRAs and, while some withdrawals in dollar amounts appear large, a median of just 6% of the account balance was typically withdrawn, according to the report.

“The Role of IRAs in U.S. Households’ Saving for Retirement, 2008″ is available here.