Preparing Participants for Retirement Is Sponsors’ Top Concern

To help employees achieve their savings goals, 82% of sponsors are making changes to plan design, and 83% are updating their investment menus.

Plan sponsors’ top concern, cited by 33%, is preparing participants financially to be able to retire, the Fidelity Investments’ Plan Sponsor Attitudes Study found. Last year, their top concern, cited by 32%, was reducing plan costs.

To help employees achieve their savings goals, 82% of sponsors are making changes to plan design, and 83% are updating their investment menus. As to why they are changing their investment menus, 33% said it was to replace an underperforming fund, 28% said it was to add an index fund, 25% said it was to add a lower-cost class of shares, and 23% said it was to add a managed account.

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As to changes to plan design, 26% said they added automatic enrollment, down from 42% in 2017. All told, 51% of the survey respondents automatically enroll their participants. Fidelity says many sponsors are missing out on this significant way to increase participation, as auto enrollment can increase participation anywhere from 50% to 87%. Twenty-three percent of sponsors increased their plan’s default deferral rate, and 29% added automatic escalation.

Thirty-nine percent added or changed a matching contribution, up from 25% in 2017. Asked why they did this, 56% said it was to increase participation, and 47% did it to increase savings rates.

Seventy percent of sponsors have a goal for retirement income. Fidelity says aiming to replace 45% of income is a reasonable replacement, but 37% of sponsors have a goal of less than 40%.

Sixty-five percent of sponsors say their retirement plans compete for funding with health and other benefits. Fifty-four percent have reduced or deferred spending on other benefits due to high health care costs. Twenty-five percent do not offer health savings accounts (HSAs). Among those sponsors using HSAs, 32% said it is to lower health insurance costs through high deductible health plans.

Ninety-two percent of sponsors work with a retirement plan adviser, the highest percentage since Fidelity started this survey in 2008. Twenty-two percent are actively looking to switch their advisers, down from an all-time high of 38% in 2017. Asked why they hired an adviser, 27% said it was to improve their plans, up from a mere 7% in 2017.

“We view the increased focus on driving plan participants’ engagement and savings rates as a positive shift,” says Jordan Burgess, head of specialist field sales, overseeing defined contribution investment only (DCIO) sales at Fidelity Institutional Asset Management. “Plan sponsors can work with advisers to boost retirement readiness for plan participants, in addition to leveraging them as a resource to manage the challenges and costs of the plan.”

Harris Insights and Analytics conducted the online survey for Fidelity among 1,124 plan sponsors in February.

GAO Says Changes in DOL Guidance on ESG Prevent Retirement Plans from Embracing It

In addition, data on ESG investing is also inconsistent, assessing ESG could increase plan costs, and many investors incorrectly perceive that ESG investing can lower returns.

In a report, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) points out that whether or not retirement plans consider the projected impacts from climate change and other environmental, social and governance (ESG) risk factors could affect investment returns and, in turn, the financial health of retirees. GAO notes that some investors believe that companies with good corporate governance practices are better managed and will perform better financially over time.

GAO says that examples of environmental factors are climate change impacts, energy efficiency and waste management. Social issues include labor standards, human rights, and gender and diversity. Governance includes board composition, executive compensation, whistleblower programs, and accident and safety management.

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Citing a report from US SIF: The Forum for Sustainable and Responsible Investment, investors in the United States are increasingly incorporating ESG factors into their investment management. According to US SIF, assets in the U.S. that considered ESG factors in 2016 were $4.7 trillion, a 14% increase from 2014, when they were $4.1 trillion. Globally, the amount of assets using ESG factors was $22.9 trillion in 2016, up 26% from $18.3 trillion in 2014.

However, few retirement plans in the United States incorporate ESG factors into how they manage investments, GAO says. Asset managers told GAO that retirement plans face several challenges, including a lack of consistent and comparable data on ESG factors and regulatory uncertainly.  According to the Plan Sponsor Council of America’s (PSCA) 2016 survey of 600 defined contribution (DC) plans, only 2% offered an ESG investment option to participants. The asset managers told GAO that if companies were required to standardize reporting of ESG factors, that would help retirement plan sponsors to be able to assess funds that use ESG factors.

GAO also notes that while finding incorporating ESG factors has a positive or neutral impact on financial performance, the perception that it could negatively impact performance persists, and this is another impediment to retirement plans incorporating ESG investing. Yet another problem the asset managers told GAO about is that incorporating ESG factors in investment management may increase costs to retirement plans because of the additional resources needed to assess the ESG factors.

Several asset managers told GAO that incorporating ESG in retirement plans could increase the complexity of plans for participants, and plans have been, instead, looking to reduce the number of funds in their lineup.

And perhaps most notably, asset managers also said that the Department of Labor’s (DOL’s) guidance on ESG investing has changed with different administrations, making retirement plans very wary of relying on that guidance. Additionally, in April, the DOL issued a Field Assistance Bulletin on ESG investing thatgiven some of the strong language used to warn retirement plan fiduciaries against placing other interests ahead of the financial benefit of their participantshas created some confusion.

The few asset managers with retirement plan clients using ESG said the plans are not using them as the qualified default investment option (QDIA) but as an option in the fund lineup. Asked what benefits incorporating ESG factors into investment management brings to retirement plans, the asset managers said it enhances risk management, improves long-term performance and increased participation.

GAO notes that while the DOL has said that retirement plans may incorporate ESG factors in investment analysis, the DOL has not addressed whether plans can incorporate ESG in the plan’s default option or qualify for legal protections. GAO says that in other cases where plans may face complexity, such as selecting a target-date fund or monitoring pension consultants, the DOL has provided general information, including items to consider and questions to ask. GAO suggests that the DOL do the same with ESG investing.

GAO’s full report can be downloaded here.

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