Gig Economy May Replace Retirement

Sixteen percent of Americans plan on having gig economy jobs in retirement.

The growth of the gig economy will continue, according to a new report from Betterment, “Gig Economy Workers and the Future of Retirement.” Today, more than one in three workers are freelancers, and that is expected to grow to 40% by 2020.

Additionally, 16% of Americans are planning on taking on a gig job in retirement to supplement their earnings. Twelve percent of those who currently have a gig job in addition to a full-time position are planning on keeping that gig job in retirement, and many say that the gig will be their main source of income. Among those who are full-time gig workers, 20% are planning on continuing some type of gig work after “retiring.”

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However, 81% of gig economy workers say that debt is a big reason why they cannot prioritize saving for retirement. While 59% of gig workers use a digital platform for their job, only 19% use a digital platform for saving, and 28% use one for online investing.

“The emergence of the gig economy has changed the American workforce, and the way we save for retirement needs to change with it,” says John Stein, CEO of Betterment. “At Betterment, we’re helping investors prepare for this shift by providing solutions that go well beyond simply low-cost IRAs [individual retirement accounts], by lowering costs and making investing accessible for everyone. It’s time for lawmakers to do the same by introducing a modern framework that gives non-traditional workers financial stability for the future.”

Betterment conducted the online survey among 1,000 gig workers in February.

Assets, Not Age, Will Determine Retirement Date for Many

Defining retirement goals by a particular age can be risky, according to LIMRA Secure Retirement Institute research, as it doesn’t account for the actual savings and assets available to support the person in retirement.

A new LIMRA Secure Retirement Institute (SRI) study urges employers to examine their benefits and compensation policies to address the potential loss of talented and experienced workers.

Citing U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics data, LIMRA SRI researchers note that fully one-third of the U.S. labor force is age 50 or older. While other analyses have shown that as many as three in four workers over the age 50 say they will delay retirement beyond the traditional ages of 62 or 65, the LIMRA SRI research makes it clear that this will be difficult for workers to attain without direct support from their employers—in the form of more flexible part-time schedules, for example.

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“While four in 10 current workers expect to work in retirement, current retirees are not showing a desire to work for pay,” the study shows. “Only 17% of retirees are still working for pay, and only 13% of retirees not currently doing so say it’s possible they will return to work.”

The LIMRA SRI research suggests that if employers start using targeted incentives, more employees are likely to stay working longer. Importantly, this will not just be a benefit to the employer, the researchers explain: “Working longer can have significant financial benefits [for retirement plan participants], as retirement delays of as little as three to six months can have the same impact on standards of living in retirement as saving an additional one percentage point of income over 30 years.”

The research points to a number of policies and procedures that should help workers stay engaged longer, such as more flexible hours, part-time or consulting-based employment, flexible location and financial rewards. These top current employees’ list of desired incentives to delay retirement, researchers note. Additionally, LIMRA SRI finds that on average, workers who receive all of their desired incentives say they would work an additional 14 years—though this figure, again, is likely overly ambitious.

“Allowing employees the flexibility to work outside of the office is the most valued and could result in those employees working an additional 15 year, on average,” the study finds. “The next-most valued incentives are having flexible hours and getting financial rewards. Employees who can have flexible work hours or financial incentives to work longer say they are likely to work an additional 13 year, on average. Allowing employees to drop to part-time or work as a consultant, on average, adds an additional 12 working years to the employee’s spoken commitment to the company.”

The LIMRA SRI research further finds “a third of workers’ expectations were guided by having a specific age in mind when thinking about retirement.” For Baby Boomers, being eligible for Medicare and Social Security was more important than for younger generations.

“The primary reason workers expect to retire at a specific age is that they will be financially able to do so,” researchers conclude. “This is especially true for men as half mentioned this as their driver of retirement. However, defining retirement by a particular age can be risky, as it doesn’t account for the actual savings and assets available to support the person in retirement.”

More information about the full LIMRA SRI study, “Selecting the Right Carrots: How Employers Can Incent Employees to Delay Retirement,” is available here.

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