Optimism About Practice Growth as Pandemic Drags On

There is still a robust amount of activity when it comes to advisers winning existing plans, but there has been a drop-off of new plan sales, sources say.


Early on in the coronavirus pandemic, retirement plan advisers widely reported that their businesses had successfully transitioned to a digital-first approach.

Through March and April, many firms said they were able to meet their existing client service demands while also maintaining fairly robust growth, thanks in large part to the fact that sales cycles in the retirement plan industry are so long. Simply put, many advisers had new relationships already in development when the pandemic struck, and they were able to leverage those pre-pandemic, in-person contacts to build the necessary trust and confidence to establish new plans.

Want the latest retirement plan adviser news and insights? Sign up for PLANADVISER newsletters.

However, as the months have dragged on and social distancing requirements have remained in place, new plan sales have shown some signs of drying up. According to Deb Dupont, institutional retirement research director at the LIMRA Secure Retirement Institute (SRI), this trend has accelerated as the year has progressed, but it is in fact not a new phenomenon. She says many advisers had already reduced their new plan sales activities, even before COVID-19 became an international challenge, preferring instead to pursue and win established plans.

Indeed, LIMRA SRI’s data shows that, in the last three years, only 51% of “core” plan advisers, 40% of “medium” advisers, and 30% of “occasional” advisers have sold at least one brand new plan. Core advisers are defined as those making the majority of their income advising defined contribution (DC) plans, while medium advisers earn between 20% and 49% of their income from DC plans and occasional advisers earn less than 20% of their income in the DC marketplace.

“It is interesting to observe how, during the pandemic, the sale of takeover plans has not dropped as dramatically,” Dupont says. “For startup plans, though, we have definitely seen a drop-off in the third-quarter time frame. This makes sense, because the DC plan adviser’s sales cycle is long, especially with newly created plans. Starting a brand new request for information [RFI] or request for proposals [RFP] process during the pandemic is a challenging proposition.”

Of course, many advisers are still having success creating and winning plans, both new and established. David Hinderstein, president at Strategic Retirement Group, part of OneDigital, says his firm has been able to stay on track this year in terms of its growth targets—but it’s taken a lot of work and flexibility.

“At the beginning of the year we thought we were in the fifth or the sixth inning in terms of our growth plans, but what we are seeing now is that we really are in, say, the top of the second inning,” Hinderstein says. “If you have a great value proposition and you are delivering for your existing clients, growth in this environment is still very possible.”

Hinderstein notes that his firm has never engaged in much marketing activity, and it has not had to do so during the pandemic, thanks to the strength of its referral network and its relationship with centers of influence.

“It’s a matter of staying close to your clients,” he says. “People that hid during March, April and May were viewed by their clients as just collecting a commission. Clearly, that’s not a recipe for growth and getting great referrals.”

In speaking to industry colleagues, Hinderstein says, there is a real focus on using referrals and centers of influence as a way to contact and get to know new potential clients.

“Telling the story of things that we are doing to our attorney partners or our auditor partners is important, because they will often carry this story to their other clients who may need our services,” he says. “The referrals continue to come in 2020, thanks in large part to the fact that we are now connected to the 50,000-plus employee benefit clients of OneDigital.”

Hinderstein says his particular pipeline remains promising, covering large, mid-sized and small employers.

“We remain excited about what the fourth quarter and early 2021 look like,” he says. “I’m still amazed how many plans are out there with an adviser who is missing in action. It shouldn’t be the case, but it is, and so we can step up and help these plans while also growing our own business.”

Dupont says even holdout advisers seem to be coming to understand the fact that digital-first interactions may be a big part of the new normal that emerges once the coronavirus pandemic is conquered. And many advisers are also pushing out their expectations for when this new normal may arrive, after earlier being optimistic that their businesses would largely return to normal by the end of 2020.

“It will become increasingly important for advisers to think about ways to build trust with new clients in a socially distanced world,” Dupont says. “We haven’t directly asked sponsors or workers about changes in trust caused by the pandemic environment, but my sense is that most players in the industry have risen to the opportunity and made good impressions. They have embraced the fact that engagement is integral to trust.”

Dupont says her conversations with both advisers and the plan sponsors they serve have revealed an impressive amount of innovation in this area.

“In many workplaces, those workers who were remote before and felt out of touch are now part of the day-to-day watercooler culture of the company,” she explains. “We are seeing the acceleration of technology and communication trends that were already in motion.”

Plan Advisers Have a Role to Play in Teaching Participants About Taxes in Retirement

Participants can make the right decisions about how to save and taking distributions in retirement when they understand taxation.


The key to understanding retirement accounts and related taxes is to first grasp what “tax-advantaged” means, and what types of accounts are tax-advantaged, says Jim Pendergast, senior vice president of altLINE, a division of The Southern Bank Co. Retirement plan participants often hear the term “tax-advantaged” in account descriptions, but they might not understand what it means.

There are two main types of tax-advantaged savings: tax deferred and tax exempt, Pendergast explains. “A tax-deferred account means you pay income taxes on the money you take out of the account when you actually withdraw it, not when you put it in. This is how vehicles like traditional IRAs [individual retirement accounts] and most 401(k) plans [and 403(b) plans] work, making them extremely popular retirement accounts for Americans and businesses,” he says. “Tax-exempt is the opposite side of the coin. Here, any contributions you make into the account in the first place are after-tax income. Therefore, they’re not eligible for taxes when you withdraw from the account, and any earnings or growth in that account remains tax-free as well, versus other accounts where you must pay capital gains taxes. The most common tax-exempt account type is a Roth.”

Want the latest retirement plan adviser news and insights? Sign up for PLANADVISER newsletters.

There are other accounts to which a person can save for retirement on an after-tax basis, but earnings on these accounts are taxed.

Another source of income in retirement, Social Security, is collected tax-deferred from the government, so employees might have to pay taxes on it in retirement, explains Ben Reynolds, CEO and founder of Sure Dividend. “You won’t have to pay taxes on it if it’s your only source of income during retirement and it’s too low to be taxed,” he says. “However, if you have a pension also, you may have to pay taxes on Social Security income if it totals $25,000 or more. This limit is different if you’re married.”

These are the basics retirement plan investors should know.

As Pendergast points out, “Putting all your eggs in one basket likely translates to high taxes right now or high taxes later, situations that can be softened instead by a healthy mix of tax-deferred and tax-exempt accounts alongside other investments portfolios.”

Plan sponsors can offer education to help participants with their savings and distribution decisions, but “there is a fine line of what plan sponsors can and cannot say; they cannot give tax advice,” notes Colleen Carcone, director of Wealth Planning Strategies for TIAA. “For specific advice, plan participants should work with tax or general counsel.”

But there are concepts about which participants can be educated, Carcone says. “We do seminars plan sponsors can promote to employees. Topics include when to take Social Security and how to recreate income, which includes information about taxation,” she says.

Plan Sponsor Council of America (PSCA) research finds that the concept of retirement planning is growing in importance with plan sponsors, surpassing interest in increasing plan participation, according to Aaron Moore, senior vice president, head of client engagement for retirement plan services at Lincoln Financial Group.

“For the most part, we see plan sponsors offering educational seminars about taxes like they do with Social Security, providing tax information but not tax advice. The content can be made available in print,” Moore says. “We encourage participants to seek the advice of a tax professional.”

The Savings Decision

When making savings decisions, the first thing participants should think about, before considering taxes and different types of accounts, is maxing out the employer match, he says.

Then, to decide how to allocate savings among different types of accounts—Roth, health savings accounts (HSAs), options outside of employer plans—participants need to consider where their income is going to come from in retirement—Social Security, an employer-sponsored defined contribution (DC) or defined benefit (DB) plan, or other assets—and what their tax rate is now compared to what it could be in the future.

Carcone says plan sponsors can lean on advisers and providers for educational materials about whether to contribute pre-tax or after-tax and how much to contribute to each.

“For those who have a higher tax rate now, pre-tax accounts are more attractive because they’ll pay a lower tax rate later,” Moore explains. “For those who have a lower tax rate now, Roth accounts are more attractive.”

But, knowing whether your tax rate will be higher or lower in retirement is difficult, Moore notes. “Generally, the younger you are, the more your earning power will increase over your career, so, if you’re closer to the beginning of your career, it’s more likely that your tax rate in retirement will be higher,” he says. “Some people choose to allocate between pre-tax and Roth since there’s no predictability, and they might want flexibility in retirement.”

Something employees should be told to think about, according to Moore, is if they are looking outside of the plan for an account to contribute to on an after-tax basis, they should question whether they will be tempted to take money out of it before retirement because they won’t have to pay taxes on it. “One advantage of employer-sponsored plans is restrictions on withdrawals. That makes savings stickier,” he says.

Establishing a Distribution Strategy

When taking distributions, plan participants shouldn’t consider just their employer-sponsored plan accounts, but they should also consider other sources of income, Carcone says. “Some parts of after-tax, not-Roth accounts will be taxed. If an account includes stock, the owner will have to pay tax on capital gains. There is income tax on interest earned in bank accounts,” she points out. “Participants should look at all income sources so they can coordinate a tax strategy.”

When a person retires, withdrawing from a tax-free source of money keeps them from getting into a higher tax bracket, Moore says. “It also helps savings last because you’re not giving up so much in taxes.”

When developing a distribution strategy, managing tax liability is a year-by-year thing, Moore notes. “It’s going to be variable over the course of retirement. Expenses may be greater at the beginning of retirement or later. How will taxes change when the retiree starts getting Social Security or has to take RMDs [required minimum distributions]? Retirees will have to adapt their strategies to their unique needs,” he says.

One way to save on taxes in retirement is to give to charity, Carcone says. “If a retiree is younger than age 72, he should see if there are any appreciated securities he can give to charity. Doing so eliminates taxes on capital gains,” she explains. “If a retiree is age 72 or older, invested in an IRA [individual retirement account] and subject to RMDs, he can donate the RMD from the IRA to a charity and avoid paying taxes on it.”

The latter is called a qualified charitable distribution, and the RMD has to be paid directly to the charity, not to the IRA owner first. According to Investopedia, the Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement (SECURE) Act increased the RMD age to 72; however, the age for qualified charitable distributions remains age 70.5, “creating a unique one-to-two-year window in which IRA distributions qualify as charitable contributions, but not as RMDs.”

“Plan sponsors should make sure they are relying on partners for education and encouraging participants to work with qualified tax and planning professionals,” Carcone says. “Taxation is an area that can get tricky quickly. It is such a complex area that plan sponsors could get into inadvertent trouble, so they need to make the right education available.”

«