The report is based on the activities of approximately 1.4 million actively contributing participants and found that among those who have taken some type of savings action year-to-date in 2010, 67% took a positive action (started or increased saving) versus 33% who took a negative action (stopped or decreased saving) – compared to 60% who took a positive action and 40% who took a negative action during the same six-month period in 2009.

Kevin Crain, head of institutional client relationships for BofA Merrill Lynch, told PLANADVISER that the ratio between positive and negative action has been steadily improving each quarter since Q2 2009.  When Crain started paying close attention to this ratio in Q4 2008, he says the ratio was horrible-less than 50% taking positive action, with slightly more than 50% taking negative action.  The ratio was about 50/50 in Q1 2009, and in Q2 2009, the ratio slowly started to favor positive action.  Now, he said, we’re getting close to a 70/30 ratio, which would be great news.   

In fact, Crain pointed out that the ratio of participants enrolling in 401(k)s or increasing their contributions versus those not contributing at all or withdrawing from the plan, is mostly likely even better than it was before the recession.  The reason for this, he says, is dramatic increases in the number of plans using auto-enrollment and auto-increasing features, as well as making advice that is more readily available. These trends are seen in the BofA Merrill Lynch plans:

• Year-over-year (since September 30, 2009), BofA Merrill Lynch has seen a 23% increase in plan sponsor adoption of its product, Advice Access, with nearly 400 plan sponsor clients now live with it, out of approximately 1,500.  (Crain says 25 out of 30 of BofA Merrill Lynch’s largest plans have incorporated the tool.)
• Plan participants using Advice Access rose 83%, with another 54% implementing specific advice into their plan.   
• The study reports a 17% increase in the use of auto-increase, with 128 plans live with this feature, and an 8% increase in the use of auto enrollment, with 247 plans live with this feature.

Distibutions 

The scorecard also revealed record highs for the first three quarters of a year (since 2007, the earliest year data was reviewed for this report) in terms of the volumes and dollar amounts being distributed from 401(k) plan participant accounts through loans as well as hardship and in-service withdrawals:

• New loan issuance transactions and total amount borrowed were up 3.0% and 13.2% respectively over the same nine month period in 2009
• Hardship withdrawal transactions and total amount distributed were up 4.6% and 2.6% respectively over the same nine month period in 2009
• In-service withdrawal transactions and total amount distributed were up 8.3% and 3.7% respectively over the same nine month period in 2009

Crain says it’s important to note, however, that even though the numbers of participants taking negative action against their accounts increased this year, the increase is not as steep as it has been in the past.   

To prevent the number of participants taking loans off their 401(k) or taking hardship withdrawals from continuing to rise, Crain says there are several steps sponsors and advisers can take. BofA Merrill Lynch is helping plan sponsors have more targeted messages to the participants–giving them personalized messages telling them to think very carefully about the implications a 401(k) loan or withdrawal can have (but they cannot go so far as to say, "You can't make this withdrawal.")  

As for advisers, Crain sees a trend in which advisers are expanding their seminar offerings–in the past, seminars were focused solely on enrollment and contributing as much as you can to the plan. Now, Crain says, more seminars are geared towards the importance of not dipping into the 401(k) account when financial situations start to look grim.